Monrovia | Location, History, & Facts | Britannica Next is the region of rolling hills about 32 km wide and an average elevation of 90 m. Beyond that is a dissected plateau with scattered mountains. The subsequent 2005 elections were internationally regarded as the freest and fairest in Liberian history. Providence Island - UNESCO World Heritage Centre Most of these Christian denominations were brought by African-American settlers moving from the United States into Liberia via the American Colonization Society, while some are indigenousespecially Pentecostal and evangelical Protestant ones. [68] Climate change in Liberia causes many problems as Liberia is particularly vulnerable to climate change. [111] This decline was accelerated by the outbreak of civil war in 1989; GDP was reduced by an estimated 90% between 1989 and 1995, one of the fastest declines in modern history. [83], Illegal logging has increased in Liberia since the end of the Second Civil War in 2003. [79] The survey was conducted during the last civil war, and bushmeat consumption is now believed to be far higher. [40], After the war, President William Tubman encouraged foreign investment, with Liberia achieving the second-highest rate of economic growth in the world during the 1950s. They are low and sandy, with miles of beaches interspersed with bar-enclosed lagoons, mangrove swamps, and a few rocky promontoriesthe highest being Cape Mount (about 1,000 feet [305 metres] in elevation) in the northwest, Cape Mesurado in Monrovia, and Cape Palmas in the southeast. The Senate is made up of two senators from each county for a total of 30 senators. [1][162][bettersourceneeded] These latter two groups established political control in the 19th century which they kept well into the 20th century. [33] In 1914, Imperial Germany accounted for three quarters of the trade of Liberia. Map of the world's second-largest and second-most-populous continent, located on the African continental plate. [68] During the winter months of November to March, dry dust-laden harmattan winds blow inland, causing many problems for residents. The second most popular sport in Liberia is basketball. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Liberia | History, Map, Flag, Population, & Facts | Britannica [15], The Pepper Coast, also known as the Grain Coast, has been inhabited by indigenous peoples of Africa at least as far back as the 12th century. Area: 111,370 square kilometers (43,000 square miles) Highest point on mainland: Mount Wutivi (1,380 meters/4,528 feet) Lowest point on land: Sea level. [172], Higher education is provided by a number of public and private universities. [165] Liberians also speak a variety of creolized dialects collectively known as Liberian English. A striking feature of the mountainous northern highlands along the Guinea frontier is Mount Nimba. Indigenous peoples comprise about 95 percent of the population. Cape Mount near the border with Sierra Leone receives the most precipitation in the nation. While Christian, many Liberians also participate in traditional, gender-based indigenous religious secret societies, such as Poro for men and Sande for women. [90], From 1877 to 1980, the government was dominated by the True Whig Party. August 9, 2012. [68], Following a peak in growth in 1979, the Liberian economy began a steady decline due to economic mismanagement after the 1980 coup. [206], One-third of married Liberian women between the ages of 1549 are in polygamous marriages. The climate is equatorial, with significant rainfall during the MayOctober rainy season and harsh harmattan winds the remainder of the year. The Cavalla is the longest river in the nation at 320 miles (510km). [56] Mortality from tropical diseases was highof the 4,571 emigrants who arrived in Liberia between 1820 and 1843, only 1,819 survived. The 16 officially recognized ethnic groups include the Kpelle, Bassa, Mano, Gio or Dan, Kru, Grebo, Krahn, Vai, Gola, Mandingo or Mandinka, Mende, Kissi, Gbandi, Loma, Dei or Dewoin, Belleh, and Americo-Liberians or Congo people (so named because many immigrants including those freed from slave ships arrived from ports at the mouth of the Congo River). [14], Undated Acheulean (ESA) artifacts are well documented across West Africa. [202] Most Americo-Liberian men were members of the Masonic Order of Liberia, which became heavily involved in the nation's politics.
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